Prevalence of Bovine Clinical Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Dairy Farms in Debre Markos City, Northwest Ethiopia

Livestock and Fishery Resource Development, Animal Health Team, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

*Corresponding author: Abebe Yihunie Shibabaw, Livestock and Fishery Resource Development, Animal Health Team, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Phone: +251913723901, E-mail: [email protected]

Received Date: October 08, 2025

Published Date: November 07, 2025

Citation: Shibabaw AY. (2025). Prevalence of Bovine Clinical Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Dairy Farms in Debre Markos City, Northwest Ethiopia. Mathews J Vet Sci. 9(7):89.

Copyrights: Shibabaw AY. © (2025).

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2025 to August 2025 in dairy cows which were found in Debre Markos city to assess the prevalence of bovine clinical mastitis and associated risk factors and to correlate the frequency of bovine clinical mastitis with factors such as breed, age, parity, and lactation stage of cows. Sixteen dairy farms were selected by simple random sampling. All cows available in the selected farms were included until the required sample size was gained. Totally 384 cows were examined. Clinical examination, visual inspection, and palpation to detect possible abnormalities on the udder and milk were conducted for each cow. And, about 46/384 (12.0%) cows were positive for bovine clinical mastitis. The prevalence of bovine clinical mastitis detected from the study animals was significantly associated with breed, age, parity, and lactation stage (p-value<0.05). The prevalence of bovine clinical mastitis was found to be higher in the exotic cows (17.8%) than in cross breed cows (8%). However, it was not detected in local breed cows. Based on age category, 2.2% young cows and 21.0% adult cows were infected with bovine clinical mastitis. Similarly, based on parity, 2.2% cases in cows that give few birth and 21% cases in cows that give many birth were infected. Based on lactation, about 25.0%, 7.6%, and 2.5% of cows at early, mid, and late lactation stages were found with bovine clinical mastitis respectively. The result of this study showed that risk factors such as breed, age, parity, and lactation stage `of the cows were highly associated with occurrence of bovine clinical mastitis. Therefore, proper farm hygiene, clean balanced feed, and strong veterinarian supervision are vital to prevent and control bovine clinical mastitis.

Keywords:  Bovine, Cow, Dairy, Mastitis, Milk, Prevalence.