A Review on Biochemical Properties of Goat Colostrum and Its Potential Benefits for Kids Survival

Ministry of Labour and Skill, Agarfa College, Agarfa. P.O.BOX-15/2011, Ethiopia

*Corresponding Author: Amanu Abate, Ministry of Labour and Skill, Agarfa College, Agarfa. P.O.BOX-15/2011, Ethiopia;, Phone no: +251913729785, ORCID ID: 000-0006-1348-4966, Email: [email protected]

Received Date: December 03, 2025

Published Date: December 27, 2025

Citation: Abate A. (2025). A Review on Biochemical Properties of Goat Colostrum and Its Potential Benefits for Kids Survival. Mathews J Vet Sci. 9(8):96.

Copyrights: Abate A. © (2025).

ABSTRACT

Goat colostrum, the first mammary secretion following parturition, is a vital biological fluid essential for neonatal survival. This review synthesizes current scientific knowledge on its unique and dynamic biochemical composition, highlighting its critical role in ensuring kid survival during the vulnerable pre-weaning period. Goat colostrum is characterized by a high concentration of immunoglobulins (predominantly IgG), which provide passive immunity to the agammaglobulinemic new-born. Beyond antibodies, it is a rich source of bioactive components including antimicrobial proteins (lactoferrin, lysozyme), growth factors (IGF-1, EGF, and TGF-β), readily metabolizable lipids, prebiotic oligosaccharides, and elevated levels of vitamins and minerals. The synergistic action of these constituents confers multiple survival benefits: the successful transfer of passive immunity prevents fatal septicemia and enteritis; high-energy lipids and proteins support thermoregulation and combat hypoglycemia; growth factors stimulate rapid gastrointestinal maturation; and oligosaccharides establish a healthy gut microbiome while acting as pathogen decoys. The review emphasizes that the timing, quantity, and quality of colostrum intake are the most critical determinants of passive transfer success. Ultimately, goat colostrum's unique biochemistry is essential for kid survival, directly informing management practices that reduce neonatal mortality.

Keywords: Goat, Colostrum, Kid Survival, Bioactive Components, Neonatal Management, Passive Immunity.