Overcoming Challenges in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Review of Pharmaceutical Scaffold Applications

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

²Nanoscience and Advanced Materials, Graduate Program (PPG-Nano), Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil

³Department of Pharmacology and Taxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

⁴Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: Chekwube Andrew Ezegbe, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria & Nanoscience and Advanced Materials, Graduate Program (PPG-Nano), Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +923178354635, E-mail: [email protected]

Received Date: August 21, 2025

Published Date: October 31, 2025

Citation: Ezegbe CA, et al. (2025). Overcoming Challenges in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Review of Pharmaceutical Scaffold Applications. Mathews J Pharma Sci. 9(4):57.

Copyrights: Ezegbe CA, et al. © (2025).

ABSTRACT

Injuries on the peripheral nerves of a patient, can affect a patient’s overall quality of life and also lead to adequate loss of motor and sensory functions. Although there are various techniques that have been deployed in nerve tissue regeneration, their limitations are tied to their delayed functional recovery in patients. Some of these limitations include delayed functional independence, surgery-related complications and recovery following peripheral nerve injury. These limitations notwithstanding, techniques that could improve the peripheral nerve regeneration could be developed. Pharmaceutical scaffolds with the help of nanotechnology, have shown promising features and functional properties in nerve regeneration. Moreover, different external biophysical strategies such as electrical, magnetic and light-based stimulations can be applied to achieve even better results. The review was aimed to discuss the major factors that affect nerve recovery completely, and also throw more light on the three major biophysical strategies such as electrical, magnetic and light- based stimulations, which are currently used to improve peripheral nerve regeneration. Combination of these techniques, with pharmaceutical nanomaterial-based nerve guide conduits have shown to yield an improved nerve repair regeneration. Nanotechnology has the potential to guide regeneration of the peripheral nerve. This can be achieved by delivering bioactive molecules in a controlled manner and tuning cellular behavior. Nanoparticles and nanofibers due to their mechanical strength, serve as scaffolds for tissue and peripheral nerve regeneration.

Keywords: Injuries, Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Stimuli, Recovery, Nanotechnology, Biophysical Strategies.