Predictive Factors of Hearing Recovery after Tympanoplasty in Chronic Otitis Media

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Department, 20 August Hospital, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University Casablanca, Morocco

*Corresponding Author: ENT Head and Neck Surgery Department, 20 August Hospital, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University Casablanca, Morocco, Phone: 0678328423; Email: [email protected]

Received Date: March 10, 2026
Published Date: August 04, 2026

Citation: Boudhar H, et al. (2026). Predictive Factors of Hearing Recovery after Tympanoplasty in Chronic Otitis Media. Mathews J Otolaryngol. 5(1):17.

Copyright: Boudhar H, et al. © (2026).

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the middle ear that can cause significant hearing loss and serious complications. Surgical treatment aims to eradicate the disease and restore auditory function. The objective of this study was to analyze the anatomical and functional prognostic factors influencing postoperative outcomes in patients operated on for COM. Materials and

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study including 60 patients operated on for COM in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery at Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, between January 2021 and December 2023. Clinical, audiometric, operative, and follow-up data were analyzed using SPSS software, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.

Results: The mean age of patients was 33.9 ± 14.4 years, with a slight female predominance. Chronic otorrhea and hearing loss were the most common symptoms. Non-cholesteatomatous COM accounted for 53.3 % of cases, and the cholesteatomatous form for 46.7 %. Ossicular chain involvement was found in 70 %, mainly incus erosion. Closed tympanoplasty was performed in 65 % of cases. Anatomical results were satisfactory in 83.3 %, with stable cavity healing in 91.7 %. The mean hearing gain was 12.1 dB, with a significant reduction in the air-bone gap (p < 0.05). Better outcomes were obtained in non-cholesteatomatous COM and in cases with an intact ossicular chain. Significant prognostic factors included the type of COM, surgical technique, and ossicular status.

Conclusion: Surgery for chronic otitis media provides favorable anatomical and functional outcomes, particularly when the disease is treated early and ossicular integrity is preserved. Identifying preoperative prognostic factors is crucial to optimize surgical strategy and improve hearing rehabilitation outcomes.

Keywords: Chronic Otitis Media, Tympanoplasty, Cholesteatoma, Prognostic Factors, Hearing Results, Ossiculoplasty.