¹National Open University of Nigeria, Uromi Community Study Centre, Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria

²Lassa Fever Unit, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: Iyevhobu Kenneth Oshiokhayamhe, National Open University of Nigeria, Uromi Community Study Centre, Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria, Email: [email protected].

Received Date: December 29, 2022

Published Date: January 23, 2023

Citation: Iyevhobu KO. (2023). A Review on Penicillinase Production and Beta-Lactamase Activity on Commonly Isolated Bacteria. Mathews J Immunol Allergy. 7(1):20.

Copyrights: Iyevhobu KO. © (2023).

ABSTRACT

Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by some bacteria allow in them to provide resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephamycins, and carbapenems (Ertapenem), although carbapenems are relatively resistant to beta-lactamase. Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) has the ability to hydrolyze and cause resistance to various types of the newer β-lactam antibiotics. Penicillinase is a specific type of β-lactamase, showing specificity for penicillins, again by hydrolysing the beta-lactam ring. Penicillinase-resistant beta-lactams such as methicillin were developed, but there is now widespread resistance to even these antibiotics. Currently, ESBLs are becoming a major threat for patients in the hospital, long-term care facilities, and community. These bacteria have not only caused outbreaks but have become endemic in many hospitals throughout the world. It is therefore necessary to place surveillance of antibiotics in our Society to avoid increase antibiotics resistance producing organisms. Routine monitoring of antibiotic resistance to provides data for antibiotic therapy and resistance control with information will directly affect selection of empiric therapy for urinary tract infection in pregnant women is recommended to promote good antenatal management in the health sector. The awareness of the existence of ESBL is recommended to initializes indication for the need for proper use of antibiotics and spread of multi drug resistance bacterial strains within these hospital and communities.

Keywords: Penicillinase, Beta-Lactamase, Bacteria, ESBL, beta-lactam, Methicillin.