Chronic Kidney Disease-An Escalating Public Health Crisis! India Case Study

Family Physician, Public Health Consultant & Professor of Practice, School of Public Health, Mahatma Gandhi (Karnatak State) Rural Development & Panchayat Raj University (MGRDPRU), GADAG, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding author: Suresh Kishanrao, MD, DIH, DF, FIAP, FIPHA, FISCD, Family Physician, Public Health Consultant & Professor of Practice, School of Public Health, Mahatma Gandhi (Karnatak State) Rural Development & Panchayat Raj University (MGRDPRU), GADAG, Karnataka, Pin-582101, India, Phone: +91 9810631222, E-mail: [email protected]

Received Date: April 17, 2026

Published Date: June 12, 2026

Citation: Suresh K. (2025). Chronic Kidney Disease-An Escalating Public Health Crisis! India Case Study. Mathews J Urol Nephrol. 8(1):26.

Copyrights: Suresh K. © (2026).

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become the main cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the past decade followed by hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN). Apart from diabetic nephropathy (DN) & hypertension Nephropathy (HN). Glomerulonephritis (GN) in India is frequently caused by post-infectious complications, autoimmune disorders, vasculitis, and hereditary factors. Prolonged use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) contributes significantly to the burden. In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown (Idiopathic crescentic GN). By 2040, CKD is projected to become a top five causes of death in India, with mortality potentially exceeding half a million annually. Strengthening diabetes and hypertension control, integrating an early CKD detection program, and ensuring equitable access to renal replacement therapy are urgently needed to bend the trajectory. However, very often young general practitioners struggle to diagnose and manage at least the top two causes of DN &HN leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD. This article is to equip such young professionals with requisite skills and knowledge. Materials & Methods: This article is an outcome of the challenges faced in managing three CKD cases one each due to Diabetes, Hypertension and DKD with MCD by the author in last one year. It is intended to update Family Physicians to distinguish DKD and HKD in their routine practice and minimize the challenge of Screening for underlying conditions and not to prematurely conclude that Diabetes or Hypertension are the sole cause of CKD, as other glomerular nephritides can co-exist. Outcome: All three anecdotal cases reported in this article were managed well with the support of Cardiac and Nephrology specialists. Aggressive reduction of Hb1Ac, FBS and Hypertension were the key approaches

Keywords & Abbreviation’s: Type 2 diabetes mellitus =T2DM, HT= Hypertension, FBS= Fasting Blood Sugar, Hb1Ac= Glycolate Haemoglobin, SBP= Systolic BP, DBP= Diastolic BP, CKD= Chronic Kidney disease, DKD= Diabetic Kidney Disease, HKD=Hypertension kidney disease, ESRD= end stage renal disease, GN = Glomerular-Nephritis, NSAIDs= of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, DKD with MCD= Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) with Minimal Change Disease (MCD), DS= dialysis services, KT= Kidney Transplantation.